CHRONIC PAIN: ITS ORIGINS, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT

Abstract

Chronic pain is a major clinical and social challenge in modern medicine. It can affect physical activity, sleep, psychological well-being and quality of life. Pain that persists or recurs for more than three months is generally considered chronic. Its development may involve tissue injury and inflammation, peripheral nerve damage, neuroplastic changes in the central nervous system, and interacting biological, psychological and social factors. This article summarizes the origins and pathophysiology of chronic pain, diagnostic principles and comprehensive treatment approaches based on scientific literature. It is a narrative literature review and does not include original clinical data.